Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, H: Environment & Earth Science, Volume 22 Issue 1

1 Year 2022 43 © 2022 Global Journals Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Volume XXII Issue ersion I VI ( H ) world: a clust er-random i zed trial. Scienc e. 2015; 348: 903–906. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 16. Hanchett S., Krieger L., Kahn M.H., Kullmann C., &Ahmed R. (2011). Long-term Sustaina bility of Improved Sanitation in Rural Bangladesh. [Google Scholar] 17. Institute of Development Studies(2016). The CLTS Approach [WWW Document] http://www. commu- nity-ledtotalsanitation .org/page/clts-ap proach (accessed 09.30.16) [Google Scholar] 18. Jenkins M. W. and Scott B. (2007). “Behavioral indicators of household decision-making and demand for sanitation and potential gains from social marketing in Ghana,” Social Science & M edicine , vol. 6 4, pp. 2427–24 42, 2007. View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar 19. Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply and Sanitation (2012). Progress on Drinking Water and Sanitation 2012 Update, UNICEF and the World Health Organization http://www.wssinfo.org/file admin/user_upload/resources/JMP-report-2012-en. pdf 20. Kar K., & Chambers R. (2008). Handbook on Community-led Total Sanitatio n. Plan UK an d Institute of Development Studies. [Google Scholar] 21. Karikari, A., & Ansa-Asare, O. (2006). Physico- chemical and microbial water quality assessment of Densu River of Gha na. West A frican Journal of AppliedEcology , 10 (1). [Crossref], [Google Scholar] 22. Krejcie R. V. & Morgan D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and psychological measurement. 1970. 30. 607610. 23. Lonergan S. C. & Brooks, D. B. (1994). Watershed: The role of f resh water in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict . IDRC. [Google Scholar] 24. Mukherjee N., Robiarto A., Wartono S., Wartono E., &Wartono D. (2012). Ach ieving and Sustaining Open Defecation Free Communities: Learning from East Java. [Google Scholar] 25. Ojomo E., Elliott M., Goodyear L., Forson M., &Bartram J. (2015). Sustainability and scale-up of household water treatment and safe storage practices: en ablers an d barriers to e ffective implementation. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health. 2015; 218: 704–713. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 26. Oki, T. & Kanae, S. (2006). Global hyd rological cycle s and w o rld water resources. Science , 313 , 106 8–1072.10.1126/science.1128845 [Cross- ref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar] 27. Osumanu I K, Kosoe A E and Dapilah F. (2016) “Residential housing in Ghana’s low-income urban areas: an analysis of households living conditions in the Wa Mu nicipality,” Journa l of Geography and Regional Planning , vol. 9, no. 7, pp. 139–153, 2016.View at: Google Scholar . 28. Osumanu I K. and Kosoe E A. (2013). “Where do I answer nature’s call? An assessment of accessibility and utilization of toilet faciliti es in Wa, Ghana,” Ghana Journal of Geography , vol. 5, pp. 17–31, 2013.View at: Google Scholar 29. Pickering A.J., Djebbari H., Lopez C., Coulibaly M. & Alzua M.L. (2015). Effect of a community-led sanitation intervention on child diarrhoea and child growth in r ural Mali: a cluster -randomised controlled trial. Lancet Glob. Health. 2015; 3: e701–e711. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 30. Plan International Ghana(2015). CLTS with Capacity Building for Natural Leaders: Implementation Narrative [WWW Document] https://waterinstitute. unc.edu/files/2015/12/clts-gates-ghana-2015.pdf. [Google Schola r] 31. Plan International Ghana (2013). Natural Leaders Training Guide. [Google Scholar] 32. Pickut, W. (2015). Definition of safe drinking water . Accessed May 17, 2015. http://www.livestrong.com /article/158601-definition -of-safe-drinking- water/ 33. Rogers E.M. 5th ed. Free Press; New York (2003). Diffusion of Innovations. [Google Scholar] 34. Tyndale- Biscoe P., Bond M., & Kidd R. (2013). Plan International ODF Sustainability Study. [Google Scholar] 35. United Nations (2015). Sustainable Development Goals . New York: UN. 36. WHO/UNICEF .(2013). Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-water. Geneva: Switzerland: W.H.O Press. Retrieved from www.wssinfo.org 37. USAID (2011). Biodiversity and tropical forests environmental threats and opportunities as sessment . Retri eved from http://www.encap africa.org/documents/biofor/ETOA_Ghana_FINAL.p df [Google Scholar] 38. Waddington H., Snilstveit B., White H., & Fewtrell L. (2009). W ater Sanitation an d Hygiene Interventions to Combat Childhood Diarrhoea in Developing Countries. [Google Scholar] 39. WaterAid (2008). Abandoning Open Defecation: Comparison and Adoptation of Social Change Dynamics , Water Aid Ghana, Accra, Ghana, 2008. 40. WASH CostInfosheet 1 (2012). Providing a basic level of water and sanitation services that last: cost benchmarks (WASHCost, 2012). 41. WHO/UNICEF(2015). Progress o n Sanitation and Drinking Water: 2015 Update and MDG Assessment. Geneva, Switzerland. [Google Scholar] 42. WHO (2014). Burden of Disease and Cost- Effectiveness Estimates , WHO, Water Sanitation and Health (WSH), Geneva, Switzerland, 2014. 43. World Health Organization and UNICEF (2013). Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-Water: 2013 Update. Assessing the Determinants of Open Defecation Free Communities b ased on the Socio-Demographic and Economic Status of Household Heads in the Mion District of Northern Region, Ghana

RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy NTg4NDg=