Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, H: Environment & Earth Science, Volume 23 Issue 1

Figure 6: Distribution of the Sample Locations in the Study Area V. D iscussion The results of the water analyzed is presented in table one and two (1 and 2) below. From the result of physical parameters measured, it can be read as follows pH ranges from 6.5 to 8.1 while electrical conductivity (EC) varies from 67 to 1050mµ/cm respectively. The results of temperature also varies from 28 to 39 oc with 33. 4 oc as overall means of the temperature both in surface and groundwater but the temperature in groundwater are higher due to increase in depth (Table 1). The results of chemical parameters measured in milligram per liter shows that, Ca 2+ ranges from 3.5 to 66.5 mg/l while that of Mg 2+ varies between 4.8 to 28.2 mg/l. The Na + and K + values ranges from 0.7 to 1241.0 mg/l for Na + and 2.0 to 112.0 mg/l for K + respectively. The concentration of HCO 3 - in the water varies between 77.5 to 237.0 mg/l while that of Cl - ranges from 4.0 to 160.0 mg/l. The value of SO 4 - in the water varies from 0.7 to 283.0 mg/l. The mean concentration of the cations show that Na 2+ > Ca 2+ > K + > Mg 2+ respectively. From the results, studies reveal that, sodium has the highest concentration in the water as observed from Warodi well 24 and well 25 with the concentration of 814.0 and 1241.0 mg/l this high concentration may reflect the geochemical interaction of transported materials with those occurring in the area while calcium concentration may be attributed to its abudance in the earth crust or are released as weathered products of feldspers, amphiboles and pyroxenes. Magnesium may have been sourced from amphiboles, pyroxenes, or olivines from the basement rocks or from clay minerals derived from such rocks (Elueze et al, 2001). The source of HCO3- which has a mean concentration of 129.7mg/l (Table 1 and 2) can be attributed to CO2 charge waters (Tijjani, 1994) while the warm temperature of groundwater observed in boreholes and hand pumps up to 39 oc is attributed to the fact that the groundwater in such areas occurs within the middle confined aquifers of the Chad Basin and temperature increases with depth (Barber and Jones, 1965). The chloride concentration in the water with average of 54.2mg/l suggests that the chemical characteristics of the water are influenced by recharge from meteoric water as observed from hand pumps due to its shallow depth and mostly phreatic aquifer or the weathering and release of ions from the underlying basement rocks (Olayinka et al, 1999 and Sani, 2006) The high values of physical parameters such as EC, pH and temperature in the groundwater as compared to surface water may be due to incorporation of dissolved components of overburden and anthropogenic influences arising from contamination. Hydrochemical Assessment of Surface and Groundwater in Some Selected Communities of Borno and Yobe State © 2023 Global Journals 1 Year 2023 60 Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Volume XXIII Issue ersion I VI ( H )