Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, H: Environment & Earth Science, Volume 23 Issue 2

technology is while deploying it for wastewater disinfection. Also, a 35 kGy dose of e-beam irradiation is efficient for the reduction of toxic materials from slaughterhouse effluent (181). Meanwhile, possible organic carbon content after irradiation removal could further be investigated. The use of e-beam irradiation for the post-harvest treatment of cherry tomatoes is investigated (182). The result showed that a 3.6 kGy dose of e-beam irradiation is effective in reducing bacterial population, free filamentous fungi, and foodborne injected pathogens. A high-powered e-beam accelerator is designed to treat not less than 12 million gallons per day of wastewater using 13.5 ¢/ton/kGy during irradiation processing (183). This method can also be extended to pharmaceutical wastewater treatment in real-time (184). For instance, the integration of Gamma rays and E-beam irradiation showcased an assessment of efficiency as aggressive indicators for better healthcare effluent quality control. The irradiation of healthcare effluentwith Gamma and E-beam ionizing irradiation indicated that E-beam technology is more efficient but spores of Clostridium perfringens exhibited the most resistance among studied microorganisms (185). The authors submitted that lower doses of E- beam irradiation are needed for the inactivation of bacteria and bacteriophages than those needed for Gamma rays inactivation. However, a dose of 7 kGy is enough for the total inactivation of bacteria and viruses during inactivation patterns. j) Electro-Bio Process of Effluent in Food Processing Industries This is another method of effluent treatment found useful in food processing industries. It involves the integration of electrochemical and biological processes in treatment management. Excellent integration of working variables could give a categorical realization of pollutant removal gotten from the experimental models of apiece procedure. The reduction of COD up to 80% from bleach effluent appears to be inexpensive by using electrocoagulation and biological treatment (186). A hybrid of electrokinetic is effectively used to remove heavy metals, organic and inorganic from the agricultural soil (187-188). Meanwhile, the electro-bio-simulation treatment improved the fertility of agricultural soil while reducing the electrical conductivity drastically lower than 2.0 dS/m (188). Another efficient use of bio-electricity is the developing route for CO 2 consumption and reserved hydrogen fuelwhich involves the combination of microbial blend with renewable electricity (189-190). Microalgae exhibited a suitable pathway for the production of biohydrogen which aid in carbon neutrality and bioenergy viability (191-192). In another work by (193), a ternary mixture of electrochemical techniquesis used as a procedure for the treatment of canola oil refinery effluents. The efficiency of the processes is encouraging. However, regression modelling evaluation demonstrated that a binary mixture of electrocoagulation and electrooxidation exhibited superiority compared with electrochemical peroxidation in terms of soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal in canola oil refinery effluents. This shows that the efficiency removal of sCOD and DOC has been obtained at 98.6% and 95.28% under EC and EO methods. It should be noted that the degradation of sCOD lowered from 6403 mg/L to 72.40 mg/L concentrations within 13.66 mA/cm 2 of current density after treatment (Fig. 8). A complex pollutant generated from textile industry effluents could be treated using binary electrocoagulation and organic coagulation mixture technology (194-195). The result showed that the application of an artificial neural network in the treatment of hybrid textile effluent is effective. However, the line dye concentration quantification in the reactor achievement flow may be a setback to the system. Figure 8: a) sCOD and b) DOC Removal from Canola Oil Refinery Wastewater using EC and EO Method [193] 1 Year 2023 39 © 2023 Global Journals Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Volume XXIII Issue ersion I VII ( H ) An Overview on Engineering Bio-Treatment Methods for Effluent in Food Processing Industries