Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, H: Environment & Earth Science, Volume 23 Issue 2

Also, generating wealth (value-added byproducts) from the waste dump contributes immensely to SDG 2. In Nigeria, most of these SDGs are hard to achieve due to the government's attitude towards ameliorating the poverty level of its citizens. For instance, the government has not adopted any known engineering bio-treatment technologies to solve the problem of effluent disposal treatment from food processing industries. All effluents from food processing industries are channelled into fresh waters and sometimes into dumpsites, and the destruction is unprecedented in both environmental and groundwater pollution (SDG 7 not achievable in the near future). C onclusions and F uture P rospectives Effluents from food processing industries contain a high level of microorganisms and many of these organisms are recalcitrant pollutants. Agro- industrial wastes are a major threat to the soil and water resources, though contribute to greenhouse gas generation. The use of engineering bio-treatment methods to remove these microorganisms from food processing effluent is receiving a major boost. Effluents from various food processing industries are a major contributor to these environmental threats. The performance of each treatment method concerningthe removal efficiency of the microorganism is discussed. No individual method is generally efficient for the removal of these microorganisms from agro-industrial effluents. Integrating different technological methods can help to achieve greater efficiency in terms of organic load removal. This may provide an opportunity to carryout inter-governmental, cross-border microor- ganism eradication and monitoring while controlling anthropogenic pollution sources. Efficient and commercially workablescale-up microorganism treatment methods will produce huge benefits to public and environmental health, while economic benefits are not left out. In this review, we have outlined the importance of various technological treatments of food processing effluents for their organic pollutant removal and biodegradability. Various treatment methods of food effluents are noticed to be very efficient in reducing the biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total suspended solids, etc. Some of these treatment technologies act as a preservative to our food and it is capable of sanitizing bacteria from fresh foods. The drawback to this treatment method is: (a) Most of the processes do not undergo large-scale commercialization. (b) Much cost and energy consumption during the treatment processes scare many stakeholders from effectively adopting the novelty(c) Recalcitrant from microorganisms also limits the effort of these technologies. Optimum treatment conditions should be adopted to limit the cost and energy consumption during the treatment processes. Urgent measures should be created across other industrial sectors to inhibit the increase and spread of this antimicrobial resistance. An aggressive awareness campaign should be carried out to discourage the direct dumping of agro- industrial effluent into fresh waters and other ecosystem spaces. Viable waste management is a panacea for achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals created by the United Nations for the year 2030. This means that waste management can decrease the degradation of surface water sources and donate to the objective of these goals through the efficient use of resources. However, many countries limit the reuse of wastewater due to the legal framework, public health, and safety of its citizens. R eferences R éférences R eferencias 1. Lin CF, Lo SS, Lin HY, Lee Y (1998). Stabilization of cadmium contaminated soils using synthesized zeolite. J. Hazard. Mater. 60(3): 217–226. doi: 10.1016/S0304-3894(98)00092-2. 2. 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Calif). , 07(04):566–581. doi: 10.4236/jep.2016.74 051. 6. Brusseau ML and Artiola JF (2019) Chemical Contaminants , 3rd ed. Elsevier Inc. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-814719-1.00012-4. 7. Shah AI, Din Dar MU, Bhat RA, Singh JP, Singh K, Bhat SA (2020) Prospectives and challenges of wastewater treatment technologies to combat contaminants of emerging concerns. Ecol. Eng. , 152: 105882. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2020.105882. V. 1 Year 2023 43 © 2023 Global Journals Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Volume XXIII Issue ersion I VII ( H ) An Overview on Engineering Bio-Treatment Methods for Effluent in Food Processing Industries