Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, H: Environment & Earth Science, Volume 23 Issue 5

vulnerability aspect of these allocations (Doshi & Garschagen, 2020; Weiler et al., 2018). These growing studies have resulted in variegated conclusions. Whilst one school of thought observed vulnerability to be associated with a positive impact on adaptation funding ((Betzold & Weiler, 2017; Weiler et al., 2018) reporting; another school of thought observed no impact (Persson & Remling, 2014; Robertsen et al., 2015); a third school of thought observed an insignificant or a negligible impact (Doshi & Garschagen, 2020). Consequently, the quantified impact of these studies has not been consistent; for example, whether the most vulnerable countries receive more or less adaptation funding (Weiler et al., 2018). There is a growing body of research that focus on distributive justice concerns agitated by in nation- states vis-a-vis other states (Morgan & Was kow, 2014, Okereke, 2010). These studies tend to put a spotlight on the growing disparity in terms of the participation of state actors and NSAs in the UNFCCC activities and the implications for procedural justice and legitimacy. NSAs do not have the same access to formal mechanisms of participation: they can't directly participate in the negotiations and don't experience participatory parity with state actors. However, they can play a role in shaping invisible rules and discourse by engaging with formal participatory mechanisms facilitated by the UNFCCC for the nine recognized NSA constituencies. i. Climate Justice The climate justice argument assesses compensatory efforts that emanate from advanced industrialized states to vulnerable but developing states to address inequalities in climate actions (Ciplet et al., 2013; Clark, 2012; Hulme, O’Neill, & Dessai, 2011). In other words, adaptation finance initiatives serve as recompense for the disparities of climate change (Barrett, 2014); this involves sums of money available for alternative livelihood programmes in those areas susceptible to drought, sums of money for water conservation and alternative sources, sums of money for flood mitigation, as well as climate-related disaster management III. M ethods This study is essentially qualitative and deploys the critical stage review by synthesizing from secondary sources of data. Data were derived from the extant literature (both theoretical and empirical studies), essentially sourced from journal articles and scholarly books to examine the notion of climate justice and the challenges developing countries face in their efforts at adaptation and mitigation to climate change. More importantly, the study assessed literature relevant to enhancing climate justice and funding for NDCs of the developing world especially those with vulnerabilities. The literature search covered all terms and terminologies as approximately related to climate vulnerability, climate justice, and financing. In the process, we combined adjectives related to common obstacles faced by vulnerable countries in meeting their nationally determined contributions (NDCs). The particular words involved, inter alia ‘challenges’ ‘constraints’ ‘problems’, ‘setbacks’ and ‘hindrances’. Afterward, the study added some words that are relevant to measures for improving the process of climate justice and resource allocation. The words included ‘value’ ‘enhancing’ ‘promoting’ ‘successful’ and ‘effective’. The different adjectives and the concept of climate justice, finance, and vulnerability were combined variously to derive a pool of critical literature on the study. These three main domains were adopted due to their relevance to the topic and availability to the researchers: Science Direct, T and F online, and Google Scholar. The large pool of resources was primarily sorted for applicability, this we did by flicking through their synopses. After this exploratory procedure, each of the researchers read the synopses independently and thoroughly. At the end of the process, authors convened to exclude duplicates after which narrowed down the list of abstracts required for in-depth analysis. Through these processes and steps, the study has come out with widespread cataloguing of forces that come together to make for climate justice, the flow of climate funds to relevant vulnerable spaces and groups for their adaptation and mitigation purposes. With the aid of tables, we catalogued all the relevant indicators or factors required for enhancing climate justice and climate financing to help vulnerable entities to cope well with climate change. These different indicators which were originally in their raw or unclassified form were subsequently organized or classified into three main themes: Systems approach; Verification; and Equity philosophy. This has been developed into the SAVE framework (see figure 1) which has been discussed in section 4.2. IV. A nalysis and D iscussion This section discusses key challenges associated with climate funds, vulnerabilities, and inequalities involved in the allocation of climate funds. The section does this as a way of demonstrating the inequities and injustice in climate change adaptation and mitigation efforts. More importantly, the study discusses relevant pointers or signposts to ensure effective climate targeting and financing to make for a more just process. © 2023 Global Journals 1 Year 2023 19 Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Volume XXIII Issue ersion I VV ( H ) Climate Vulnerability, Justice, and Financing Nexus: A Case for Optimizing Climate Interventions